domingo, enero 23, 2022
Agujeros Negros 

El agujero negro supermasivo de la galaxia NGC 1097

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The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope provides us this week with a spectacular image of the bright star-forming ring that surrounds the heart of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 1097. In this image, the larger-scale structure of the galaxy is barely visible: its comparatively dim spiral arms, which surround its heart in a loose embrace, reach out beyond the edges of this frame. This face-on galaxy, lying 45 million light-years away from Earth in the southern constellation of Fornax (The Furnace), is particularly attractive for astronomers. NGC 1097 is a Seyfert galaxy. Lurking at the very centre of the galaxy, a supermassive black hole 100 million times the mass of our Sun is gradually sucking in the matter around it. The area immediately around the black hole shines powerfully with radiation coming from the material falling in. The distinctive ring around the black hole is bursting with new star formation due to an inflow of material toward the central bar of the galaxy. These star-forming regions are glowing brightly thanks to emission from clouds of ionised hydrogen. The ring is around 5000 light-years across, although the spiral arms of the galaxy extend tens of thousands of light-years beyond it. NGC 1097 is also pretty exciting for supernova hunters. The galaxy experienced three supernovae (the violent deaths of high-mass stars) in the 11-year span between 1992 and 2003. This is definitely a galaxy worth checking on a regular basis. However, what it is really exciting about NGC 1097 is that it is not wandering alone through space. It has two small galaxy companions, which dance “the dance of stars and the dance of space” like the gracious dancer of the famous poem The Dancer by Khalil Gibran. The satellite galaxies are NGC 1097A, an elliptical galaxy orbiting 42 000 light-years from the centre of NGC 1097 and a small dwarf galaxy named NGC 1097B. Both galaxies are located out beyond the frames of this image and they cannot be seen. Astronomers have indications t

Esta espectacular imagen tomada por el Telescopio Espacial Hubble muestra la galaxia espiral barrada NGC 1097 y su brillante anillo central, el cual está plagado de regiones donde se forman estrellas.

NGC 1097 está ubicada a 45 millones de años luz de distancia en la constelación Fornax, está clasificada como una galaxia Seyfert. En el núcleo habita un agujero negro supermasivo con 100 millones de veces la masa del Sol. Toda la región que rodea al núcleo brilla poderosamente debido a la radiación del material que es devorado por el agujero negro.

El impresionante anillo que rodea al agujero negro está formando estrellas a un ritmo frenético, debido a la acumulación de material que es arrastrado hacia el centro galáctico. Estas regiones formadoras de estrellas están brillando gracias a la emisión de nubes de hidrógeno ionizado. El anillo tiene un diámetro de 5.000 años luz. Otro dato interesante de la galaxia NGC 1097 es que ha experimentado tres estallidos de supernova entre 1992 y 2003.

Crédito: NASA / ESA / Hubble

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